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Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metals from Groundwater Sources Situated in Keko and Kigogo Residential Areas, Dar es Salaam
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
1-5
Received:
2 January 2015
Accepted:
14 January 2015
Published:
30 January 2015
Abstract: The study assessed in comparison the concentrations of heavy metals in water samples (n=12) collected from groundwater sources at Keko and Kigogo areas. Three trace elements; Copper, Zinc and Lead (Cu, Zn and Pb). Analysis was done once in dry season and once in rainy season at Ardhi University laboratory. The water samples were taken in 4oc equipment for transportation. Results show low concentrations of Cu and Zn for both seasons and study areas. Pb concentrations were detected beyond the WHO permissible level (min. 0.01mg/l and max. 0.35mg/l). This presence of high concentrations may be due to urban agriculture activities conducted around the areas surrounding Msimbazi river, and also presence and use of onsite facilities (septic tanks and pit latrines). Discharge and runoff collection from garages and industrial wastes is another reasons thought for this high amount of heavy metals. There is need of adopting cheap water treatment technology for domestic purposes so as to protect people from being affected by the use of untreated water directly.
Abstract: The study assessed in comparison the concentrations of heavy metals in water samples (n=12) collected from groundwater sources at Keko and Kigogo areas. Three trace elements; Copper, Zinc and Lead (Cu, Zn and Pb). Analysis was done once in dry season and once in rainy season at Ardhi University laboratory. The water samples were taken in 4oc equipm...
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Is the Mediterranean Sea Circulation in a Steady State
Abed El Rahman Hassoun,
Véronique Guglielmi,
Elissar Gemayel,
Catherine Goyet,
Marie Abboud-Abi Saab,
Michele Giani,
Patrizia Ziveri,
Gianmarco Ingrosso,
Franck Touratier
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
6-17
Received:
23 January 2015
Accepted:
1 February 2015
Published:
9 February 2015
Abstract: Most global ocean models are based on the assumption of a “steady state” ocean. Here, we investigate the validation of this hypothesis for the anthropized Mediterranean Sea. In order to do so, we calculated the mixing coefficients of the water masses detected in this sea via an optimum multiparameter analysis referred to as the MIX approach, using data from the BOUM (2008) and MedSeA (2013) cruises. The comparison of the mixing coefficients of each water mass, between 2008 and 2013, indicates that some of their proportions have significantly changed. Surface water mass proportions did not change significantly (Δ 0.05-0.1), while intermediate and deep water mass mixing coefficients of both Eastern and Western basins were significantly modified (~Δ 0.35). This study clearly shows that the Mediterranean seawater is not in a “steady state”.
Abstract: Most global ocean models are based on the assumption of a “steady state” ocean. Here, we investigate the validation of this hypothesis for the anthropized Mediterranean Sea. In order to do so, we calculated the mixing coefficients of the water masses detected in this sea via an optimum multiparameter analysis referred to as the MIX approach, using ...
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Application of Biosorbent Derived from Cactus Peel for Removal of Colorful Manganese Ions from Ground Water
Ayelech Belayneh,
Worku Batu
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
18-23
Received:
9 January 2015
Accepted:
23 January 2015
Published:
10 February 2015
Abstract: Access to ground water is a human right, yet more than 80% people of Ethiopia, especially in rural areas, rely on unimproved sources and the need for finding ways of treating water is crucial. Although the use of natural biosorption coagulant agricultural waste product in drinking water treatment has been discussed for a long time, the method is still not in practice, probably due to availability of material and limited knowledge. In this study, Cactus Peel agricultural waste product made from plant materials found in Adigrat city was applied as coagulation biosorption for treatment of heavy metal in ground water. The Natural Biosorption of Cactus peel were applied based on their size particle as it is without addition of any additive chemicals for treatment of water and at room temperature without any extra cost. Based on particle sizes their efficiencies of treatment, 36.02% for S1, 17.10% for S2, 22.80% for S3 based on Colorful Mn metal/ion concentration were obtained. High treatment efficiencies were recorded at particle sizes of S1(10mm, 0.5gm).
Abstract: Access to ground water is a human right, yet more than 80% people of Ethiopia, especially in rural areas, rely on unimproved sources and the need for finding ways of treating water is crucial. Although the use of natural biosorption coagulant agricultural waste product in drinking water treatment has been discussed for a long time, the method is st...
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Modeling of the Total Alkalinity and the Total Inorganic Carbon in the Mediterranean Sea
Abed El Rahman Hassoun,
Elissar Gemayel,
Evangelia Krasakopoulou,
Catherine Goyet,
Marie Abboud-Abi Saab,
Patrizia Ziveri,
Franck Touratier,
Véronique Guglielmi,
Cédric Falco
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
24-32
Received:
27 January 2015
Accepted:
6 February 2015
Published:
10 February 2015
Abstract: Measurements of the CO2 system parameters in the Mediterranean Sea are relatively scarce and not representative for all its sub-basins. High quality data collected on May 2013 during the 2013 MedSeA cruise covering the whole basin were used to provide for the first time linear relationships estimating the total alkalinity (AT) and the total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT) from salinity in each Mediterranean basin and sub-basin at different depth layers. These correlations show that a substantial quantity of alkalinity is added to the seawater during its residence time in the Mediterranean Sea, whereas the biological processes, the air-sea exchange and the high remineralization rate are responsible of the high CT concentrations in this sea. Moreover, these fits could be used to estimate the AT and CT from salinity where there are not available measurements of the carbonate system parameters.
Abstract: Measurements of the CO2 system parameters in the Mediterranean Sea are relatively scarce and not representative for all its sub-basins. High quality data collected on May 2013 during the 2013 MedSeA cruise covering the whole basin were used to provide for the first time linear relationships estimating the total alkalinity (AT) and the total dissolv...
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