Research Article
Hydrological Analysis and Peak Runoff Determination in Basaka River Sub-Watershed, Abbay Basin, Ethiopia Using Gumbel’s and SCS Methods Respectively
Gemechu Mosisa*,
Kuma Abebe,
Yadesa Wakena
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
23-30
Received:
9 October 2023
Accepted:
25 October 2023
Published:
11 November 2023
Abstract: Peak runoff determination is one of the most important studies for the design of hydraulic structures which is used for different purposes like irrigation, water supplies, hydropower, and bridge structure. The amount of runoff produced and rainfall received determine the development of water resources in any region. The purpose of hydrologic design is to estimate the maximum, average, or minimum flood that the structure is expected to handle. Hydrological analysis has been conducted based on 33 years of maximum daily rainfall data. An important step in the analysis of rainfall occurrence is to choose an appropriate distribution to represent the depth of rainfall to study rainfall. Nekemte meteorological station was used for maximum rainfall estimation by gumbles distribution method of 50 & 100 years return period which is 132 & 142mm; while for generation of peak runoff by using soil conservation service (SCS) method which is 238 & 263m3/s respectively for Basaka sub-watershed. Conversely, the SCS method is recommended to estimate the ordinate required for the development of peak runoff hydrograph in the river sub-watershed because it utilized additional morphometric parameters such as watershed slope and the curve number (CN) which is a function of the properties of the soil and vegetation cover of the watershed. Basaka sub-watershed delineation analysis was done by GIS 10.8 and it covers a drainage area of about 58km2.
Abstract: Peak runoff determination is one of the most important studies for the design of hydraulic structures which is used for different purposes like irrigation, water supplies, hydropower, and bridge structure. The amount of runoff produced and rainfall received determine the development of water resources in any region. The purpose of hydrologic design...
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Research Article
Near Inertial Oscillations and Vertical Velocities Modulating Phytoplankton After a Storm in the Mediterranean Sea
Caroline Comby*,
Anne Petrenko,
Claude Estournel,
Patrick Marsaleix,
Caroline Ulses,
Anthony Bosse,
Stéphanie Barrillon
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2023
Pages:
31-37
Received:
27 October 2023
Accepted:
11 November 2023
Published:
21 November 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.wros.20231202.12
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Abstract: Understanding the impact of storms on phytoplankton dynamics is a complex and crucial issue, both on regional and global scales. Here we address this question by conducting a numerical modeling study to represent the physical forcing and phytoplankton response of an intense storm that occurred in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in late spring 2019. This numerical study, employing the SYMPHONIE regional circulation model, covers and complements in situ observations gathered during the FUMSECK cruise. Our realistic numerical simulation unveils that the storm event triggered robust near-inertial oscillations (NIOs) in a two-layer system, spanning a 5000 km² area and persisting for a duration of 3-4 days. We demonstrate the oscillatory pattern of the NIOs vertical velocities. Notably, our modeled vertical velocities reach a maximum of 10-3 m s-1 and coincide with a substantial 1.3-fold increase in total chlorophyll concentration. These findings underline the significance of considering the vertical dynamics linked to NIOs induced by meteorological events that are projected to grow both in frequency and intensity in the context of ongoing climate change. The outcomes of this study contribute valuable insights into the intricate relationship between storms and phytoplankton, shedding light on the potential ecological consequences of future climate shifts, and emphasizing the need for more comprehensive investigations to address this complex issue effectively.
Abstract: Understanding the impact of storms on phytoplankton dynamics is a complex and crucial issue, both on regional and global scales. Here we address this question by conducting a numerical modeling study to represent the physical forcing and phytoplankton response of an intense storm that occurred in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in late spring 20...
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